Ubushobozi bunini, imbaraga nini, ubunini buto, uburemere bworoshye, gukora byoroshye gukora, hamwe no gukoresha ibikoresho bihendutse ni imbogamizi mugushushanya bateri ya EV.Muyandi magambo, iratemba igiciro nigikorwa. Tekereza nkigikorwa cyo kuringaniza, aho kilowatt-isaha (kWh) yagezweho ikeneye gutanga intera ntarengwa, ariko ku giciro cyiza cyo gukora.Nkigisubizo, uzabona kenshi ibisobanuro bya paki ya batiri yerekana ibiciro byabo byo gukora, hamwe numubare, kuva kuri $ 240 kugeza $ 280 / kWt mugihe cyo gukora, urugero.
Yoo, kandi ntitukibagirwe umutekano. Wibuke fiasco ya Samsung Galaxy Note 7 mumyaka mike ishize, hamwe na bateri ya EV ihwanye numuriro wimodoka hamwe na Chernobyl ihwanye no gushonga.Mu bihe byihutirwa byatewe nimpanuka yibiza, umwanya hamwe nubugenzuzi bwumuriro hagati ya selile muri bateri paki kugirango ubuze selile imwe gutwika indi, indi, nibindi, ongeraho kubyerekeranye no guteza imbere bateri ya EV.Muri bo, ndetse na Tesla ifite ibibazo.
Mugihe ipaki ya batiri ya EV igizwe nibice bitatu byingenzi: selile ya batiri, sisitemu yo gucunga bateri, hamwe nubwoko bumwe na bumwe bwisanduku cyangwa kontineri ibifata hamwe, kuri ubu, tuzareba gusa bateri nuburyo zahindutse hamwe na Tesla, ariko Biracyari ikibazo kuri Toyota.
Batiri ya silindrike 18650 ni bateri ya lithium-ion ifite diameter ya mm 18, uburebure bwa mm 65 nuburemere bwa garama zigera kuri 47 47 nka volt 2,5, ubika kugeza kuri mAh 3500 kuri selile.
Nkinshi nka capacitori ya electrolytike, bateri yimodoka yamashanyarazi ya Tesla igizwe nimpapuro ndende za anode na cathode, zitandukanijwe nibikoresho bitanga insimburangingo, kuzunguruka no gupakira cyane muri silinderi kugirango ubike umwanya kandi ubike ingufu zishoboka zose.Iyi cathode (yishyuwe nabi) kandi impapuro za anode (zishyuwe neza) buriwese afite tabs yo guhuza ibiciro bisa hagati ya selile, bikavamo bateri ikomeye - byiyongera kuri imwe, niba ubishaka.
Kimwe na capacitor, byongera ubushobozi bwayo mukugabanya intera iri hagati yimpapuro za anode na cathode, ihindura dielectric (ibikoresho byavuzwe haruguru byerekana impapuro) ikabigira imwe ifite uruhushya rwo hejuru, kandi ikongera ubuso bwa anode na cathode Intambwe ikurikiraho muri (power) Bateri ya Tesla EV ni 2170, ifite silindiri nini gato ugereranije na 18650, ipima 21mm x 70mm kandi ipima hafi garama 68. Kuri voltage nominal ya volt 3.7, buri bateri irashobora kwishyuza kugeza kuri 4.2 volt no gusohora munsi ya volt 2,5, ubika kugeza kuri 4800 mAh kuri selile.
Hano haracuruzwa, ariko, ibyo ahanini bijyanye no guhangana nubushyuhe hamwe no gukenera ikibindi kinini.Mu bijyanye na 2170, kwiyongera k'ubunini bwa plaque ya anode / cathode bivamo inzira ndende yo kwishyuza, bivuze ko birwanya byinshi, bityo bikarenza ingufu ziva muri bateri nkubushyuhe no kubangamira ibisabwa byihuse.
Kugirango habeho igisekuru kizaza gifite imbaraga nyinshi (ariko nta kongera imbaraga), injeniyeri za Tesla zashizeho bateri nini cyane ifite icyo bita "ameza" igabanya inzira y'amashanyarazi bityo igabanya ubushyuhe buturuka kuburwanya. Byinshi muribi birashobora kwitirirwa ninde ushobora kuba abashakashatsi ba bateri beza kwisi.
Batare ya 4680 yateguwe muburyo bwa helix kugirango ikorwe byoroshye, ifite ipaki ingana na 46mm ya diametre na 80mm z'uburebure. Uburemere ntibuboneka, ariko ibindi biranga voltage bivugwa ko bisa cyangwa bisa;icyakora, buri selile irapimwe hafi 9000 mAh, niyo ituma bateri nshya ya Tesla iringaniye neza.Ikindi kandi, umuvuduko wacyo wo kwishyuza uracyari mwiza kubisabwa byihuse.
Nubwo kongera ubunini bwa buri selile aho kugabanuka bishobora gusa nkaho binyuranyije n’ibishushanyo mbonera bya batiri, kuzamura ubushobozi bw’amashanyarazi no kugenzura ubushyuhe bwa 4680 ugereranije na 18650 na 2170 byatumye selile nkeya ugereranije no gukoresha Bateri ya 18650 na 2170. -ububasha bwambere moderi ya Tesla ifite imbaraga nyinshi kuri paki ya bateri yubunini bumwe.
Duhereye ku mibare, ibi bivuze ko selile zigera kuri 960 “4680 ″” zonyine zisabwa kuzuza umwanya umwe na selile 4.416 “2170 ″, ariko hamwe ninyungu zinyongera nko kugabanya umusaruro muke kuri kilowati no gukoresha 4680 Ipaki ya batiri yongerera ingufu cyane.
Nkuko byavuzwe, biteganijwe ko 4680 izatanga inshuro 5 ububiko bwingufu ninshuro 6 ingufu ugereranije na batiri 2170, bivuze ko biteganijwe ko imodoka izamuka ikava kuri 82 kWh ikagera kuri 95 kWh muri Teslas Mileage nshya yiyongera kugera kuri 16%.
Wibuke, ibi nibyibanze gusa muri bateri ya Tesla, hari byinshi byihishe inyuma yikoranabuhanga.Ariko iyi ni intangiriro nziza yingingo izaza, kuko tuziga uburyo bwo gucunga imikoreshereze yamashanyarazi ya batiri, ndetse no kugenzura ibibazo byumutekano hafi kubyara ubushyuhe, gutakaza ingufu, na… birumvikana… ibyago bya EV bateri.
Niba ukunda Byose-Tesla, dore amahirwe yawe yo kugura Hot Wheels RC verisiyo ya Tesla Cybertruck.
Timothy Boyer numunyamakuru wa Tesla na EV kuri Torque News muri Cincinnati. Inararibonye mugusana imodoka hakiri kare, ahora agarura imodoka zishaje kandi agahindura moteri kugirango atezimbere imikorere. Kurikira Tim kuri Twitter @TimBoyerWrites kumakuru ya Tesla ya buri munsi na EV.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Gashyantare-21-2022