Muri lithium, irushanwa ryuzuyemo amafaranga yubwenge, biragoye kwiruka vuba cyangwa ubwenge kurusha abandi - kuko lithium nziza ihenze kandi ihenze kuyiteza imbere, kandi yamye ari ikibuga cyabakinnyi bakomeye.
Umwaka ushize, zijin Mining, imwe mu masosiyete akomeye yo mu bucukuzi bw'amabuye y'agaciro mu Bushinwa, yagiye mu nyanja maze atsindira umushinga w'ikiyaga cya Lithium Tres Quebradas Salar (3Q) mu ntara ya Catamarca mu majyaruguru y'uburengerazuba bwa Arijantine ku madolari miliyoni 5.
Bidatinze, byaragaragaye ko miliyari 5 z'amadolari yataye ari uburenganzira bwo gucukura amabuye y'agaciro, aho miliyari y'amadolari y'ishoramari ryakomeje gutegereza ko Zijin yishyurwa kugira ngo arangize ubucukuzi bw'amabuye y'agaciro no gutunganya.Amamiliyaridi ya miriyari y'amadorari yanjye yashowe kugirango yuzuze ikirombe kimwe gusa byatumye abashoramari benshi bo hanze baterwa isoni.
Mubyukuri, niba duteganya ibigo byose by-imigabane byashyizwe ku rutonde hamwe na minisiteri ya lithium dukurikije agaciro k’isoko n’ububiko, tuzasangamo amata hafi yo gushuka: uko ibigega bito bya karubone ya lithium, niko agaciro kagereranywa n’isoko ry’isosiyete.
Ubwenge bwiyi formula ntabwo bugoye kubara: A-umugabane urutonde rwisosiyete isumba iyindi yo gutera inkunga hamwe nubucuruzi bwubucuruzi bwiterambere rya lithium hamwe ninyungu nini cyane (igihe cyo kwishyura kitarenze imyaka ibiri) ituma isoko ryifuza cyane gutanga agaciro gakomeye kubigo bifite amikoro make ugereranije.Igiciro kinini gishyigikira inkunga yo kubona ibirombe bya lithium.Igipimo kinini cyo kugaruka cyazanywe no kugura, igiciro kinini cyumushinga nigipimo kinini cyo kugaruka, igiciro kinini gishyigikira kugura ibirombe byinshi bya lithium, bikagira uruziga rwiza hano.Ingaruka ya flawheel yavutse: yanabyaye ibimasa bya super bull nka Jiang Te Motor na Tibet Everest.
Noneho, fata ikirombe cya lithium, ubucukuzi bwuzuye, burashobora kuzana igenamigambi ryumunsi gusimbuka, kuzamuka kwagaciro kumasoko ya miliyari icumi ntabwo ari ikibazo.Kugirango tubare ibigega byatangajwe n’amasosiyete yashyizwe ku rutonde, buri toni ibihumbi icumi by’ibigega bya lithium karubone bifite agaciro ka miliyoni 500 z’isoko, bityo twabonye mu mwaka ushize, igihe toni miliyoni y’ikirombe kinini cya lithium mu ntoki, ishobora gufasha u isoko ryisosiyete agaciro keza cyane.Ariko nkumurwa mukuru wose kugirango wumve iyi ntera nini, hafi ya bose bazahura nikibazo: igiciro cyiza cya lithium ntabwo gihenze, buriwese arareba, twakura he igiciro cyumutungo muke?Igisubizo nticyoroshye kubimenya:
Iyo uwo muhanganye ari hafi guhomba.
Ibyago byinshi, nibyiza cyane
Ubwo Minisitiri w’intebe w’Ubwongereza Winston Churchill yashingaga Umuryango w’abibumbye Intambara ya Kabiri y'Isi Yose irangiye, yagize ati: "Ntuzigere utakaza ikibazo cyiza."(Ntuzigere utakaza ikibazo cyiza.)
Muri iki gihe ku isoko ry’imari shingiro, usanga ari filozofiya: gusa mugihe mugenzi we ari ahantu hafatika kuburyo agomba kugura, amasezerano azaba ahendutse kuruta uko wigeze ubibona.Ariko turizera cyane ko amahirwe nayagera, tuzarusha imbaraga abo duhanganye bakomeye, ntabwo ari ukundi.
Ntabwo rero bitangaje kuba itsinda rya guicheng Mining, umunyamigabane munini wa Guicheng Mining, ryinjiye mugihe uwahoze ari inyenyeri A-umugabane Zhonghe wari ufite ikirombe cya lithium yaguye mu gihombo no guseswa: Ku ya 25 Gashyantare 2022, Zhonghe Co. , Ltd..irateganya kumenyekanisha itsinda rya guicheng, umushoramari, kurinda umutungo wa Lithium yibanze ya Zhonghe muri cyamunara binyuze mu kongera imari n’inguzanyo.Kandi ufashe ubucukuzi bwa Jinxin kugarura umusaruro nubushobozi bwo gukora.
Amakuru yerekana ko Ubucukuzi bwa Jinxin ari bumwe mu bubiko bunini bwa spodumene mu Bushinwa kandi ni bumwe mu buryo budasanzwe bwo mu rwego rwo hejuru bufite ubunini bunini bwa lithium mu Bushinwa.
Markang Jinxin Mining Co., Ltd., ishami rikomeye rya Zhonghe Co., Ltd.Itsinda rya Guicheng ryirinze ibyago byo guteza cyamunara ubutabera bw’ubucukuzi bw’amabuye y'agaciro, uburenganzira bwo gukora ubushakashatsi, imashini n'ibikoresho ndetse n'indi mitungo y'ibanze ifitwe na Jinxin Mining Mu gutanga ubufasha.
Nk’uko gahunda yo kongera imari yabigaragaje, nk'uko raporo y’ibiciro yatanzwe n’ikigo cy’abandi gishinzwe gusuzuma umutungo, abashoramari bazashyira mu bikorwa iyongerwa ry’imari hakurikijwe agaciro k’imigabane yose y’abanyamigabane ba Jinxin Mining mbere y’ishoramari rya miliyoni 429.Nyuma yo kwiyongera kwishoramari, Guocheng Evergreen, Guocheng Deyuan ifite 48%, 2%, aba Zhonghe New Energy Co., Ltd. iracyafite imigabane minini yisosiyete, ifite 50%.Byongeye kandi, Zhonghe uri hafi guhomba, yanasinyanye amasezerano y’ubufatanye n’itsinda rya Guocheng: muri ayo masezerano, itsinda rya Guocheng rizishyura miliyoni 200 z’amafaranga yo kubitsa Zhonghe kugira ngo agire uruhare mu guhomba no kuvugurura Zhonghe.Amasezerano kandi yasize ijambo rifite ireme: kugarura iterambere rirambye ryimigabane ya Zhonghe, vuba bishoboka gusaba kwigenga gusaba kongera gutondekanya cyangwa guhuzwa nandi masosiyete yanditse kurutonde rwimigabane, kurengera inyungu zabahawe inguzanyo nabanyamigabane bake.
Urebye ayo masezerano yombi, Guicheng Group yaguze 50% igenzura imigabane ya Jinxin Mining, ifite ububiko bwa toni hafi miliyoni 3 za karubone ya litiro, mu gushora miliyoni 428.8.Hagati aho, mu guteza imbere ivugurura ry’ubwumvikane rusange, Ifite kandi gahunda yo kuzuza urutonde rw’amabuye y'agaciro ya Jinxin binyuze mu kuvunjisha ejo hazaza.Muri formula ya chelithium, toni miliyoni 3 za Jinxin Mining nubwo ukurikije miliyoni 200 kuri toni miliyoni yibigega byo kubara agaciro k'isoko, ni isoko ryagaciro ka miliyari zisaga 60 za behemoth, niba byose bigenda neza, igiciro cyitsinda ryumujyi kuri akanya ko gutera inshinge, yageze ku buryo butangaje.
Mu nyandiko y’inama ya Cadre yo mu 2022 y’itsinda rya Guicheng, umunezero watewe no kwiyongera kw’umurwa mukuru mu bucukuzi bw’amabuye y'agaciro ya Jinxin ugaragara mu magambo: "Iki cyemezo gikomeye cy’ibikorwa gifite akamaro gakomeye mu nzira yo kugera ku iterambere ryiza ry’iryo tsinda."
02 Nibyiza cyane, birababaje
Birumvikana ko umutungo uhendutse uhendutse kubwimpamvu: uramutse ufunguye kumugaragaro ibya Zhonghe, akanama gashinzwe gutanga amakuru ku Nama Nyobozi ya gatatu ya Zhonghe yuzuyemo amagambo nko gufatira, kurega no guca imanza, ntabwo bisa na sosiyete icukura lithium ko irashobora guhisha isoko ryayo ingana na miliyari 100.Ugereranije n’iyo nyenyeri nshya y’ingufu Zhonghe mu myaka mike ishize, zhonghe yahinduye neza kuva mu nganda z’imyenda ihinduka ubucukuzi bwa lithium maze ifata ubucukuzi bwa Jinxin.Ariko, hamwe no kugabanuka kwinganda z’imyenda, umurwa mukuru wa Zhonghe wahagaze mu buryo butunguranye, maze ubucukuzi bwa Jinxin bukenera gukoresha igishoro kinini mu ntangiriro y’ubucukuzi.
Kuri ubu zhonghe yafatiwe mu gihirahiro: umutungo washeshwe urashobora kwikingira, ariko igiciro cy’ibirombe bya lithium kidakoreshwa ni gito;Umunyamerika Xu Jiancheng wavukiye muri Fujian yahisemo kongera munsi ya gaze, ireka Zhonghe yari imaze guhindagurika.
Imikoreshereze y’imari ya Zhonghe ntiyashoboye gutangwa mu myaka ibiri ishize, kandi muri raporo y’imari iheruka, umwenda wa Zhonghe ugera kuri miliyari 2.8 z'amayero, umaze igihe kinini utishyurwa.Zhonghe, umaze igihe kinini mu ideni, ubu yaramugaye rwose:
Xu Jiancheng, umuyobozi w’isosiyete, yakurikiranywe kandi arafungwa n’abashinjacyaha ba dangba kubera amakimbirane y’amasezerano yerekeye ihererekanyabubasha ry’ubucukuzi bwa jinxin.
Muri Jinxin Mining Co, LTD., Iherereye mu gace gatuwe n’Abanyatibetani, abaturage benshi baho bagujije amafaranga yo kugura amakamyo yo gutwara abantu kugira ngo bagire uruhare mu iterambere ry’amabuye y'agaciro, none na bo bafite imyenda myinshi.
Ndetse no mubantu benshi baberewemo imyenda bahamagara: muri 2018, kugirango bagumane igiceri cyashyizwe ku rutonde kitari umwiherero w’umujyi, bishonga ihererekanyabubasha ry’uburenganzira bw’inguzanyo kuri societe rusange mu bucukuzi bw'amabuye y'agaciro, abacukuzi b'amabuye y'agaciro mu nganda bashoramari miliyoni 600 kugira ngo bateze imbere ubucukuzi bwa jinxin, ariko intwaro ya Litiyumu nini muri Aziya igikombe cy'umuceri w'icyuma, naho kubireba umuyobozi, burigihe ntibishobora kurangiza, iterambere ryamabuye y'agaciro ya jinxin riracyahagarara.
Igitangaje, hamwe n’izamuka ryihuse ry’isoko rishya ry’ingufu, igiciro cya karubone ya lithium yazamutse.Abantu bamwe babaze ko: ku giciro kiriho, Jinxin Mining irashobora kwishyura imyenda yayo yose mu myaka ibiri, ariko kuri ubu, zhonghe ntishobora kubona igiceri.Mubyukuri, iyo hataba itsinda rya guocheng ishoramari ridahenze hamwe nubufasha bwa Knight bwera, Zhonghe yaba ari murwego rwo guteza cyamunara inzu.
Uko ibibazo byinshi, niko birushaho kwishima
Kugira ngo bibe byiza, kuri Guicheng Group, gushora imari muri Jinxin Mining nintangiriro gusa, ubukwe burigihe buranezerewe cyane: Kora inshingano zubukemurampaka kuri konte, gushiramo amafaranga yakoreshejwe kugirango umenye iterambere ryanjye, gukuraho amakimbirane nimanza, byeruye kandi bitagaragara. ubwiyunge nabatanga isoko hamwe nabakiriya, kugirango babone isuzuma ryibidukikije kubidukikije, amaherezo kugirango bateze imbere ibintu bitandukanye bafite ubucuruzi bwa lithium butagira inenge, urutonde rwuzuye muribi ni ikizamini nyacyo cyitsinda ryumujyi ubushobozi bwabazungu bafite ikizamini gikomeye.
Mubyukuri, kunanirwa kwa Xingye Mining na Zhongrong Trust kurinda igikonoshwa cyayo byagaragaje ko hari inkuru nyinshi zirenze guhura nijisho.
Ariko abashoramari basa nkaho bashishikajwe nubushobozi bwa Guicheng bwo kuvugurura, urebye amateka yarwo yagize uruhare mukuvugurura.Mu myaka ine ishize, Guicheng yemeye kwigarurira amabuye y'agaciro ya jianxin, yahombye, kandi yatsindiye urutonde.Mu ivugurura rishya ry’ubwubatsi, Itsinda rya Guocheng ryarangije neza ivugurura ry’ikirombe cyayo cyo mu rwego rwo hejuru cya molybdenum, Ubushinwa n’Uburengerazuba bwa Mining, bugiye guterwa muri sosiyete yashyizwe ku rutonde;Iterambere ry’icyorezo mu 2020, Itsinda rya Guicheng ryarambuye ukuboko kwa Yupang Mining, ikirombe kinini cya feza muri Aziya, aho kiri hasi cyane, maze kibona imigabane igenzura ikirombe kinini cya feza ku giciro gito cyane.Hamwe n'inzira zashize, Ubucukuzi bwa Guocheng ni bwiza mu kugira uruhare mu kuvugurura igihombo, ariko kandi bufite imbaraga zikomeye mu bijyanye n'amafaranga.
Nubwo inzira ndende iri imbere, abanyamigabane bake bashobora kwizera ko Guicheng ishobora gusubiramo ubumaji bwayo mu kirombe cya Jinxin cyuzuyemo imyenda, kimwe mu bintu bike byerekana iterambere rya Zhonghe.
Ntugapfushe ubusa ikibazo, icyangombwa nuko utari ikibazo
Amateka biragaragara ko akina amayeri akomeye kumigabane ya Zhonghe.Kuva mu ruganda rukora imyenda rwahinduye lithium, imigabane yose kandi biragaragara ko ukeka intangiriro, ntukeke ko iherezo ryayo: nta gushidikanya ko guhindura ingufu nshya ari ukuri, ariko ni uguhindura icyuho kinini cy’ibicuruzwa biva mu mahanga, icyiciro cya mbere cy’inzitizi zikomeye z’amabuye y'agaciro na igihe cyamafaranga, ingaruka nyinshi zemewe n'amategeko mugikorwa cyubucuruzi, byose nibintu byingenzi mubyanyuma kandi amaherezo mubibazo byubwishingizi.
Igitangaje ni uko ikirombe cya lithium, cyagombaga kuba isoko nini yo kwinjiza amafaranga n'amahirwe yo kubona akazi, amaherezo cyamanuye Zhonghe, gisiga zhonghe Mired mu bibazo byinshi, birimo imyenda n'imanza.Abatanga ibicuruzwa, abacuruzi, ubuyobozi bwibanze nabenegihugu bose bakururwaga mumuhengeri wanyuma.
Kandi uhagarare mubitekerezo byitsinda ryumujyi, guhera mumyaka ine gusa ishize ubucukuzi bushya bwinjiye hamwe numutungo wacyo wose urashobora kurebera hamwe agaciro ka miriyari y'amadolari y'ejo hazaza, ibi byose bishingiye kuri buri bucuruzi ni ibicuruzwa biva mu mahanga byumye muri akanya: amasezerano, jinxin gusobanura neza icyo "ntugapfushe ubusa ikibazo" aya magambo.Ahari, mumasoko shingiro yumunsi uyumunsi, nkabashoramari dukwiye kumva ibisobanuro byiyi nteruro.
Tugomba kumva ko intego yo "kudasesagura" ikibazo atari ukureka ngo duhinduke ikibazo ubwacyo
- Mugihe umutungo wa lithium ukomeje kuzamuka, buri murongo wa K usa nkaho werekana inkombe yumuhoro.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Werurwe-31-2022