"Hano hari lithium yo kujya ahantu hose, nta lithium ya santimetero igoye kugenda".
Ibi bizwi cyane, nubwo byakabije, ariko ijambo ryerekeranye nurwego rwo gukundwa kwinganda za lithium.
Niyihe logique ya hit hit?
Kugeza mu Kwakira, ibihembwe bitatu byateganijwe mugihe cyo gusohora cyane, amafaranga yubwoko bwose no gufungura umurongo wo kwimura imyanya.
Kugeza ku ya 21 Ukwakira, Shanghai na Shenzhen bamaze gutangaza ibigo birenga 360 byashyizwe ku rutonde, imikorere irenga 90%.Uhereye ku gukwirakwiza inganda, gufotora, ibikoresho bya batiri ya lithium hamwe nizindi nzira zizwi birashimishije neza, imikorere yinganda zimwe na zimwe zikora neza cyane.
Urugero, Ningde Times, biteganijwe ko izasubiza inyungu y’inyungu ingana na miliyari 16.5 kugeza kuri miliyari 18 mu gihembwe cya mbere, ikiyongeraho 112.87% ikagera kuri 132.22% mu gihe kimwe cy’umwaka ushize, ikarenga umwaka ushize ( Miliyari 15.93.
Biteganijwe ko igihembwe cya gatatu inyungu zituruka ku babyeyi ziteganijwe kuba hagati ya miliyari 8.8 na miliyari 9.8, izamuka ry’umwaka ku mwaka wa 169.33% -199.94%.Kurenza umubare wigihembwe cya mbere cyambere cyuyu mwaka (miliyari 8.16 yuan), amafaranga yinjiza buri munsi agera kuri miliyoni 100.
Usibye Ning Wang, ingufu za lithium ya Yiwei kuri uwo munsi nazo ziva mu makuru meza: inyungu z’igihembwe cya mbere ziteganijwe kugera kuri miliyari 2.437 - miliyari 2.659, kwiyongera 10% -20%, inyungu y’igihembwe cya gatatu ya miliyari 1.082 Yuan - miliyari 1.298, yiyongereyeho 50% -80% Igihembwe cya gatatu cyinjiza miliyari 1.082-1.298, yiyongereyeho 50-80%.
Ku ya 14 Ukwakira, lithium iyoboye inganda za Litiyumu ya Ganfeng yashyize ahagaragara iteganyagihe: inyungu ziteganijwe kuzagera kuri miliyari 14.3 z'amayero - miliyari 15.3 z'amayero, umwaka ushize uzamuka 478.29% - 518.73%.Muri byo, igihembwe cya gatatu inyungu ziteganijwe kwiyongera inshuro zirenga 5.67.
Urundi ruganda ruza ku isonga rwa lithium, ariko kandi n’imikorere ya "iturika": igihembwe cya gatatu cyambere cy’inyungu ziteganijwe kugera kuri miliyari 15.2 - miliyari 16.9, kwiyongera kwa 2768.96% - 3089.83%, inyungu z’igihembwe cya gatatu ziteganijwe kugera kuri 5 miliyari Yuan -6,5 miliyari Yuan, kwiyongera 1026.10% -1363.92%.
Huzuye amaso atukura hamwe no kwinezeza hamwe, hagomba kuvugwa ko 2022 numwaka ukomeye mubikorwa bya batiri ya lithium.
Mubyukuri, isoko rya kabiri ryashushanijwe.11 Ukwakira, ububiko bwa lithium bwarazamutse vuba.Umunsi urangiye, indangagaciro ya batiri ya lithium yazamutse hejuru ya 2 ku ijana.Muri byo, ingufu za miliyari litiro zazamutseho 6.16%, Ningde Times yazamutseho 5.97%, agaciro k’isoko kagaruka kuri tiriyari y'amadorari.
Kuki uzamuka?
Kugira ngo imikorere yiyongere, Ningde Times yavuze ko hamwe n’iterambere ryihuse ry’inganda nshya z’ingufu mu gihugu ndetse no hanze yarwo, isoko rya batiri y’amashanyarazi n’ububiko bw’ingufu rikomeje kwiyongera.Isosiyete ikomeje gutangiza ibisubizo by’ibicuruzwa no gushimangira ingufu z’iterambere ry’isoko, hamwe no gusohora ubushobozi bw’umusaruro hakiri kare, umusaruro n’ibicuruzwa byiyongereye ku buryo bugaragara.
EVERLIGHT yerekanye ko, kuruhande rumwe, inyuma yukwiyongera gukabije kwizamuka ryibiciro byingenzi byibanze, byahinduye mugihe cyibiciro byibicuruzwa, kandi inyungu ya buri murongo wibicuruzwa yarasanwe neza;icya kabiri, ubucuruzi bukuru bwubucuruzi bwa batiri buratera imbere neza, kandi hamwe nuruganda rushya numurongo mushya wibikorwa byinjira mubikorwa byinshi, ibicuruzwa byoherejwe byiyongera cyane.
Mubyukuri, kungukirwa no kuzamuka kwisoko ryinshi cyane, uruganda rushya rwingufu zinganda zitangiza ibihe bidasanzwe.
Nk’uko Ishyirahamwe ry’Abashinwa bakora inganda zitwara ibinyabiziga ribitangaza, mu 2014, mu Bushinwa hagurishijwe ibinyabiziga bishya by’ingufu byari 75.000 gusa;muri 2021, ibice birenga miliyoni 3.5.Muri uyu mwaka, Ishyirahamwe ry’Abashinwa bakora inganda z’imodoka (CAAM) ryazamuye igurishwa ry’imodoka zigera kuri miliyoni 6, kandi rivuga ko rishobora kuzongera nyuma yaho.Muri Nzeri uyu mwaka, Ubushinwa bushya bw’imodoka z’ingufu zinjira mu bucuruzi bwageze kuri 31.8 ku ijana, bwiyongereyeho 11% kuva muri Nzeri 2021.
Muri icyo gihe, igipimo cyo kwinjira ku masoko yo hanze nacyo kiriyongera vuba.Amakuru ya gasutamo yerekana ko muri Kanama uyu mwaka, Ubushinwa bwohereza mu mahanga ibinyabiziga bishya by’ingufu byageze ku bice 83.000 byiyongereyeho 82.3% umwaka ushize, bingana na 27% by’ibyoherezwa mu mahanga mu gihe kimwe, bikaba byanditseho byinshi.
Kugeza muri Kanama 2022, Ubushinwa bushya bwo kugurisha ibinyabiziga by’ingufu bingana na 70 ku ijana by’isi, bihinduka imbaraga zikomeye zidashobora kwirengagizwa.Vuba aha imodoka eshanu za mbere ku isi zerekana imodoka za Paris, BYD Han, Wei ikirango cya Kawa 01, Ola Funky Cat nibindi bicuruzwa bishya byatangiye, byatangije umuyaga mushya w’Ubushinwa.
Ntagushidikanya ko Ubushinwa bumaze kuba umuyaga wingenzi uyobora inganda nshya z’imodoka zikoresha ingufu.
Ugendeye ku bisasu biturika, ibiciro by'umunyu wa lithium, ibikoresho nyamukuru bya bateri z'amashanyarazi, byakomeje kwiyongera kuva mu 2021.
Ku ya 14 Ukwakira 2022, igiciro cya batiri yo mu gihugu cya litiro karubone yageze kuri 526.000 Yuan / toni, igera ku rwego rwo hejuru, ugereranije na 278.000 / toni mu ntangiriro z'umwaka yiyongereyeho 90%.Ugereranije no ku ya 14 Ukwakira 2020, miliyoni 4.1 Yuan / toni, izamuka hafi inshuro 12.
Byasaze ntabwo ari karubone ya lithium gusa, 14 Ukwakira 2020 lithium hydroxide yo murugo miriyoni 4.9 yuan / toni, 14 Ukwakira 2022 igeze kuri miliyoni 51,75 yuan / toni.
Nk’uko amakuru yashyizwe ahagaragara n’ishyirahamwe ry’ibyuma bya Shanghai abitangaza, ku ya 18 Ukwakira, karubone yo mu rwego rwa batiri ya litiro yazamutseho 2000 Yuan / toni, impuzandengo ya miliyoni 53.75 yu / toni, litiro karubone yo mu nganda yazamutseho 2500 Yuan / toni, ikigereranyo cy’ikigereranyo cya Miliyoni 52.3 yuan / toni, byombi byatsinze amateka menshi.
Ubwoko bwose bwibintu byiyongera, inganda za lithium mumwanya ziguruka hamwe, abakora ibirori byisosiyete, ndetse nabayobozi bakomeye mu nganda baravuga bati: inganda zose zimodoka zingufu, zikora kumabuye ya lithium "akazi".
Igihe, amasosiyete yinganda za lithium nayo yabaye ubwoko bwambere bwurwego rwibinyabuzima.
Umuyobozi mukuru wa Zhongtai, Wang Dongwei, yavuze ko kuzamura ibiciro by'amabuye ya lithium yazamutse hari ibintu bibiri by'igihe gito kandi kirekire.
Mu gihe gito, impamvu zigihe zatumye igabanuka ryumusaruro wikiyaga cyumunyu wa Qinghai, hamwe n’ingaruka z’iki cyorezo ku bwikorezi, umutungo wa lithium ukabije.Ibigo byamanuka mu mpera zumwaka kugirango bikurikirane akazi, guhunika byinshi, kongera ubukana bwibicuruzwa.
Mu gihe kirekire, ibiciro bya lithium birazamuka kubera ubusumbane hagati y’ibitangwa n’ibisabwa, umushinga wa lithium utwara imyaka igera kuri itanu ngo urangire, mu gihe ibyifuzo byo hasi byiyongera byihuse, kandi ubushobozi bwa lithium ntabwo ari bwinshi.
Ntawahakana ko ingufu nshya zikiri inzira ya mbere ya zahabu muri iki gihe.
Ushinzwe gusesengura inganda Yu Shengmei yagize ati: niba iterambere ry’ejo hazaza, cyangwa izamuka ryinshi muri iki gihe, harimo n’ubunini bw’inganda, ntabwo ugereranije n’izindi nzira.Ariko ibi ntibisobanura ko isoko rishya ryingufu ridahuzagurika, inganda ntabwo zuzuye.
Igipimo gishya cy’ibinyabiziga byinjira kigera kuri 30%, inganda zikomeye za batiri, inganda zakira kandi zabaye nini mu kongera umusaruro.Iterambere ry’imodoka rimaze kugabanuka, ubushobozi bwo gukora bateri bwibanze kurekurwa, ibishoboka byuzuye byuzuye cyangwa kureka isoko igahita ihindura isura, hanyuma ikagwa ibaba ryinkoko.
Umufatanyabikorwa wa Keystone Capital, Yang Shengjun, yavuze ko inzira nshya y’ingufu mu myaka mike iri imbere ikiri mu gihe cyo kuzamuka, mu ntangiriro za 2025 zishobora gutangiza inganda zikomeye.Nubwo bishobora kugorana gukomeza gukomeza kwiyongera kwikubye kabiri mumyaka ibiri ishize, biracyari mubyiciro byihuta muri rusange.
Lonzhong amakuru ya lithium fer fosifate y’isesengura ry’inganda Wang Juan yagize ati: imiterere y’imishinga itandukanye ya fosifate ya lithium ifata umwanya wo gufata isoko, ariko kubera impamvu zinyuranye, ibyinshi mu bikorwa byo kubaka ibikoresho biradindiza ibintu, kuri ubu, ubushobozi bwigihe gito burenze ubushobozi ntibuzagaragara, ariko hamwe nogukomeza kurekura ubushobozi bushya bwo gukora, biteganijwe nyuma yimyaka ibiri iri imbere, fosifate ya lithium irashobora guhura nubushobozi burenze urugero.
Mu ijambo, noneho inzira yumuriro nayo ifite igisenge cyibitekerezo, gukenera kwitonda cyane, birenze urugero kandi bikabije, gutakaza icyubahiro.Mubihe byashize, kuva Photovoltaque kugeza icyayi cyamata, inzira irashyushye cyane kubitari byiza.
Inganda za Lithium ziracyafite ibihe bya zahabu, ariko ntabwo biri kure yigihe cyo kuvugurura imbeho.Abimenyereza ntibashobora kwihanganira ubusinzi bukabije, tutibagiwe no kuryama ngo batsinde, ikintu kimwe ni ugukora imyitozo myiza yimbere mu gihugu, ikoranabuhanga ryo guhanga imirimo, ishingiro ryinganda zikomeye, imbaraga zuzuye zo kurwanya ingaruka, birashoboka gukomeza gukura ushikamye, mugihe cyo kuvugurura ubutaha binyuze mu itumba.
Nibyiza uko ibintu bimeze, niko tugomba kugenda hejuru yurubura ruto, niko inzogera zivuga.Igituba, nibaza umubare winzozi zishobora gukanguka?
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ukwakira-25-2022