Mubihe byaranzwe no kwiyongera kwingufu zishobora kongera ingufu, bateri za lithium-ion zagaragaye nkumukinnyi wingenzi muburyo bwo kubika ingufu.Izi bateri zitanga ingufu nyinshi, igihe kirekire, nigihe cyo kwishyurwa byihuse, bigatuma biba byiza gukoresha amashanyarazi, ibikoresho bya elegitoroniki bigendanwa, ndetse na sisitemu nini yo kubika ingufu.Ariko, iri terambere ryihuse mugukoreshabateri ya lithium-ionitera kandi impungenge z'umutekano, cyane cyane mu bijyanye no kurinda umuriro.
Bateri ya Litiyumu-ionbizwiho guteza inkongi y'umuriro, nubwo ari bike.Nubwo bimeze gurtyo, ibintu bike byavuzwe cyane birimo umuriro wa batiri byazamuye inzogera.Kugirango habeho gukoreshwa neza no gukwirakwiza bateri ya lithium-ion, iterambere mu ikoranabuhanga ririnda umuriro ni ingenzi.
Imwe mumpamvu nyamukuru zitera umuriro wa batiri ya lithium-ion ni ibintu byo guhunga ubushyuhe.Ibi bibaho iyo ubushyuhe bwimbere bwa bateri buzamutse bugera aharindimuka, biganisha kurekura imyuka yaka kandi bishobora gutwika bateri.Kurwanya guhunga ubushyuhe, abashakashatsi barimo gushyira mubikorwa uburyo butandukanye bwo kongera umuriro.
Igisubizo kimwe kiri mugutezimbere ibikoresho bishya bya electrode bidakunze guhura nubushyuhe bwumuriro.Mugusimbuza cyangwa guhindura ibikoresho bikoreshwa muri cathode ya bateri, anode, na electrolyte, abahanga bagamije kongera ubushyuhe bwumuriro wa bateri ya lithium-ion.Kurugero, abashakashatsi bagerageje kongera inyongeramusaruro ya flame-retardant kuri electrolyte ya bateri, bigabanya neza ibyago byo gukwirakwiza umuriro.
Indi nzira itanga icyizere ni ishyirwa mubikorwa rya sisitemu yo gucunga neza bateri (BMS) idahwema gukurikirana no kugenzura imikorere ya bateri.Izi sisitemu zirashobora kumenya ihindagurika ryubushyuhe, voltage idasanzwe, nibindi bimenyetso byo kuburira bishobora guhunga ubushyuhe.Mugukora nka sisitemu yo kuburira hakiri kare, BMS irashobora kugabanya ibyago byumuriro mugukurura ingamba zumutekano nko kugabanya ibiciro byumuriro cyangwa kuzimya bateri burundu.
Byongeye kandi, haribandwa cyane mugutezimbere uburyo bunoze bwo kuzimya umuriro bwagenewe bateri ya lithium-ion.Uburyo bwa gakondo bwo kuzimya umuriro, nk'amazi cyangwa ifuro, ntibishobora kuba bikwiye kuzimya umuriro wa batiri ya lithium-ion, kuko bishobora gukaza umurego bigatuma bateri irekura ibikoresho bishobora guteza akaga.Kubera iyo mpamvu, abashakashatsi barimo gukora uburyo bushya bwo kuzimya umuriro bukoresha ibikoresho bizimya kabuhariwe, nka gaze ya inert cyangwa ifu yumye, bishobora gutwika neza umuriro utangiza bateri cyangwa ngo urekure ibicuruzwa byangiza.
Usibye iterambere ry’ikoranabuhanga, amahame akomeye y’umutekano n’amabwiriza bigira uruhare runini mu kurinda umuriro wa bateri ya lithium-ion.Guverinoma n’amashyirahamwe yinganda ku isi yose arakora cyane kugirango ashyireho umurongo ngenderwaho w’umutekano ukubiyemo igishushanyo mbonera cya batiri, gukora, gutwara, no kujugunya.Ibipimo ngenderwaho bikubiyemo ibisabwa kugirango habeho ubushyuhe, gupima nabi, hamwe ninyandiko z'umutekano.Mugukurikiza aya mabwiriza, abayikora barashobora kwemeza umutekano no kwizerwa byibicuruzwa byabo.
Byongeye kandi, kumenyekanisha no kwigisha kubijyanye no gufata neza no kubika bateri ya lithium-ion nibyingenzi.Abaguzi bakeneye gusobanukirwa n'ingaruka zijyanye no gufata nabi cyangwa gukoresha nabi, nko gutobora bateri, kuyishyushya ubushyuhe bukabije, cyangwa gukoresha amashanyarazi atemewe.Ibikorwa byoroshye nko kwirinda ubushyuhe bwinshi, kutagaragaza bateri kugirango izuba ryizuba, no gukoresha insinga zemewe zemewe birashobora kugera kure mukurinda impanuka zishobora guterwa numuriro.
Impinduramatwara yo kubika ingufu yongerewe ingufubateri ya lithium-ionIfite ubushobozi buhebuje bwo guhindura inganda nyinshi no koroshya ihinduka ryerekeza ku mbaraga zitanga ingufu.Ariko, kugirango ukoreshe neza ubwo bushobozi, kurinda umuriro bigomba kuguma mubyambere.Binyuze mu bushakashatsi buhoraho no guhanga udushya, hamwe n’amahame akomeye y’umutekano hamwe n’imyitwarire y’abaguzi ishinzwe, turashobora kwemeza ko bateri ya lithium-ion ihuza neza kandi irambye mubuzima bwacu bwa buri munsi.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Nzeri-04-2023