Politiki ya “Double carbone” izana impinduka zikomeye muburyo bwo kubyaza ingufu amashanyarazi, isoko ryo kubika ingufu rihura niterambere rishya

Intangiriro :

Bitewe na politiki ya "double carbone" yo kugabanya ibyuka bihumanya ikirere, imiterere y’amashanyarazi y’igihugu izabona impinduka zikomeye.Nyuma ya 2030, hamwe n’iterambere ry’ibikorwa remezo byo kubika ingufu n’ibindi bikoresho bifasha, Ubushinwa biteganijwe ko buzarangiza inzibacyuho iva mu mashanyarazi ashingiye ku binyabuzima ikajya mu mashanyarazi mashya ashingiye ku mashanyarazi mu 2060, aho umubare w’amashanyarazi mashya ugera kuri 80%.

Politiki ya "karubone ebyiri" izateza imbere ibikoresho by’amashanyarazi y’Ubushinwa biva mu ngufu z’ibinyabuzima bigere ku mbaraga nshya buhoro buhoro, bikaba biteganijwe ko mu 2060, ingufu nshya z’Ubushinwa zizaba zirenga 80%.

Muri icyo gihe, kugira ngo gikemure ikibazo cy’umuvuduko "udahungabana" uzanwa n’umuyoboro munini wa gride ku ruhande rw’amashanyarazi mashya, "politiki yo gukwirakwiza no kubika" ku ruhande rw’amashanyarazi nayo izazana intambwe nshya ku mbaraga. uruhande rwo kubika.

Gutezimbere politiki ya "Dual carbone"

Muri Nzeri 2020, mu nama ya 57 y’Inteko rusange y’umuryango w’abibumbye, Ubushinwa bwatanze ku mugaragaro intego ya "karuboni ebyiri" yo kugera kuri "carbone pex" mu 2030 na "kutabogama kwa karubone" mu 2060. Ubushinwa bufite intego yo kugera kuri "karuboni nini" 2030 na "karubone idafite aho ibogamiye" muri 2060.

Mu 2060, Ubushinwa buzinjira mu cyiciro "kidafite aho kibogamiye", biteganijwe ko ibyuka bihumanya ikirere bizagera kuri toni miliyari 2.6, bikagabanuka 74.8% ugereranije na 2020.

Twabibutsa ko "kutabogama kwa karubone" bidasobanura ibyuka byangiza imyuka ya dioxyde de carbone, ahubwo ko umubare rusange w’ibyuka byangiza imyuka ya gaze karuboni cyangwa ibyuka bihumanya ikirere byakozwe mu buryo butaziguye cyangwa butaziguye n’umusaruro w’ibigo, ibikorwa bwite n’ibindi bikorwa bizarangizwa no gutera ibiti , kubungabunga ingufu no kugabanya ibyuka bihumanya kugirango bigere kuri dioxyde de carbone nziza kandi mbi cyangwa ibyuka bihumanya ikirere byakozwe ubwabo.Ikigamijwe ni ukugera kuri zeru mu kuzimya imyuka ya gaze karuboni cyangwa ibyuka bihumanya ikirere biterwa mu buryo butaziguye cyangwa butaziguye n'ibikorwa by'inganda, nko gutera ibiti no kuzigama ingufu.

"Double carbone" ingamba ziganisha ku mpinduka zuruhande rwibisekuru

Inganda zacu eshatu za mbere zifite imyuka myinshi ya karubone muri iki gihe ni :

Amashanyarazi no gushyushya
%
Gukora & Ubwubatsi
%
Ubwikorezi
%

Mu rwego rwo gutanga amashanyarazi, akaba afite uruhare runini, igihugu kizatanga miliyoni 800 kWh z'amashanyarazi muri 2020.

Kubyara ingufu za fosile hafi miliyoni 500 kWh
%
Amashanyarazi mashya ya miliyoni 300 kWt
%

Bitewe na politiki ya "double carbone" yo kugabanya ibyuka bihumanya ikirere, imiterere y’amashanyarazi y’igihugu izabona impinduka zikomeye.

Nyuma ya 2030, hamwe n’iterambere ry’ibikorwa remezo byo kubika ingufu n’ibindi bikoresho bifasha, Ubushinwa biteganijwe ko buzarangiza inzibacyuho iva mu mashanyarazi ashingiye ku binyabuzima ikajya mu mashanyarazi mashya ashingiye ku mashanyarazi mu 2060, aho umubare w’amashanyarazi mashya ugera kuri 80%.

Iterambere rishya ku isoko ryo kubika ingufu

Hamwe no guturika kw'uruhande rushya rutanga ingufu ku isoko, inganda zibika ingufu nazo zatangije intambwe nshya.

Kubika ingufu ntaho bitandukaniye no kubyara ingufu nshya (Photovoltaque nimbaraga z'umuyaga).

Imbaraga za PV n'umuyaga zifite imbaraga zidasanzwe kandi zikabuza imiterere y'akarere, bigatuma habaho gushidikanya gukomeye mumashanyarazi ndetse ninshuro zumuriro w'amashanyarazi, bishobora kuzana ingaruka zikomeye kuruhande rwa gride mugihe cyo guhuza imiyoboro.

Sitasiyo zibika ingufu ntizishobora gukemura neza ikibazo cy "urumuri rwataye umuyaga n umuyaga", ariko kandi "no kugenzura impinga ninshuro", kugirango amashanyarazi hamwe ninshuro zumuriro w'amashanyarazi bishobora guhuza umurongo uteganijwe kuruhande rwa gride, bityo gutahura neza umurongo wa gride ihuza ingufu nshya.

Kugeza ubu, isoko ry’ububiko bw’ingufu mu Bushinwa riracyari mu ntangiriro ugereranije n’amasoko yo hanze, hamwe n’iterambere ry’amazi y’Ubushinwa n’ibindi bikorwa remezo.

Ububiko bwa pompe buracyiganje ku isoko, hamwe na 36GW yububiko bwa pompe bwashyizwe ku isoko ry’Ubushinwa mu 2020, hejuru cyane ya 5GW yo kubika amashanyarazi;icyakora, kubika imiti bifite ibyiza byo kutagengwa n’imiterere y’imiterere n’imiterere ihinduka, kandi bizakura vuba mu gihe kizaza;biteganijwe ko ububiko bw’amashanyarazi mu Bushinwa buzajya buhoro buhoro burenga ububiko bwa pompe mu 2060, bugere kuri 160GW.

Kuri iki cyiciro muburyo bushya bwo gutanga ingufu mu gupiganira umushinga, inzego nyinshi z’ibanze zizagaragaza ko sitasiyo nshya itanga ingufu zifite ububiko butari munsi ya 10% -20%, kandi igihe cyo kwishyuza ntikiri munsi y’amasaha 1-2, birashobora kugaragara ko "politiki yo kubika" izazana iterambere ryinshi kuruhande rwamashanyarazi kumasoko yo kubika ingufu z'amashanyarazi.

Nyamara, kuri iki cyiciro, kubera ko icyitegererezo cyinyungu nogutwara ibiciro byo kubyaza ingufu amashanyarazi amashanyarazi atarasobanuka neza, bigatuma igipimo gito cyo kugaruka imbere, ibyinshi mububiko bwingufu ahanini byubakwa na politiki, kandi icyitegererezo cyubucuruzi kiracyakemuka.


Igihe cyo kohereza: Nyakanga-21-2022