Kubika ingufubateri ya lithium ferzikoreshwa cyane mubijyanye no kubika ingufu, ariko nta bateri nyinshi zishobora rwose gukora neza mugihe kirekire. Ubuzima nyabwo bwa batiri ya lithium-ion yibasiwe nibintu bitandukanye, harimo ibiranga umubiri bya selile, ubushyuhe bwibidukikije, gukoresha uburyo nibindi. Muri byo, ibiranga umubiri bigize selile bigira ingaruka zikomeye mubuzima busanzwe bwa bateri ya lithium-ion. Niba ibintu bifatika biranga selile bidahuye nibibazo bifatika cyangwa niba bateri ifite ibibazo mugihe cyo kuyikoresha, bizagira ingaruka mubuzima busanzwe no mubikorwa nyabyo.
1. Amafaranga arenze
Mugukoresha bisanzwe, umubare wamafaranga yo kwishyuza yabatiri ya lithium ferbigomba kuba inshuro 8-12, bitabaye ibyo bizatera kwishyuza birenze. Kurenza urugero bizatera ibikoresho bifatika byingirabuzimafatizo gukoreshwa mugihe cyo gusohora bikananirana. Ubuzima bwa serivisi buragabanuka uko ubushobozi bwa bateri bugabanuka buhoro buhoro. Muri icyo gihe, ubujyakuzimu bukabije buzatuma habaho polarisiyasi yiyongera, kongera umuvuduko wa batiri no kugabanya igihe cya bateri; kwishyuza birenze urugero bizaganisha kuri electrolyte no kwangirika kwa sisitemu y'amashanyarazi y'imbere ya bateri. Kubwibyo, ubujyakuzimu bwumuriro bugomba kugenzurwa mugihe cyo gukoresha bateri kugirango wirinde kurenza urugero.
2. Akagari ka batiri karangiritse
Litiyumu y'icyuma ya fosifatemubisabwa nyirizina nabyo bizagerwaho nibidukikije byo hanze. Kurugero, kubitera ingaruka cyangwa ibintu byabantu, nkumuzunguruko muto cyangwa ubushobozi bwangirika imbere muri rusange; intangiriro muburyo bwo kwishyuza no gusohora na voltage yo hanze, ubushyuhe, bikaviramo kwangirika kwimiterere yimbere, isuri yibintu byimbere, nibindi .. Kubwibyo, birakenewe gukora ibizamini bya siyansi kandi byumvikana no kubungabunga selile ya batiri. Muburyo bwo gukoresha bateri yo gusohora ubushobozi bwo kwangirika ibintu bigomba kwishyurwa mugihe gikwiye, mugihe bibujijwe guhanagura kwishyuza bigomba gusohoka mbere yo kwishyuza; selile mugikorwa cyo kwishyuza no gusohora ibintu bidasanzwe bigomba guhagarika kwishyuza cyangwa gusimbuza selile mugihe gikwiye bidakoreshejwe cyangwa kwishyuza byihuse bizatera imiterere yimbere yimiterere ya bateri yangirika kandi biganisha kumazi ya selile. Mubyongeyeho, ugomba kwitondera ubwiza bwa selile ya batiri nibibazo byumutekano nibindi bintu mubuzima bwa bateri n'imikorere.
3. Ubuzima bwa bateri budahagije
Ubushyuhe buke bwa monomer buganisha ku mibereho mito mito, muri rusange, monomer mugukoresha ubushyuhe bwibikorwa ntishobora kuba munsi ya 100 ℃, niba ubushyuhe buri munsi ya 100 ℃ bizatuma ihererekanyabubasha rya electron muri selile kuva muri cathode kugeza kuri anode, bigatuma electroni ya bateri idashobora kwishyurwa neza, bigatuma ubushobozi bwimikorere ya selile bwangirika, bikaviramo kunanirwa na batiri (kugabanuka kwingufu). Imihindagurikire yimiterere ya monomer nayo izatera guhangana imbere, guhinduka kwijwi no guhindura voltage, nibindi bigira ingaruka mubuzima bwa cycle ya bateri, ibyinshi muri bateri ya lithium fer fosifate ikoreshwa mububiko bwingufu ni bateri yambere, bateri ya kabiri cyangwa sisitemu eshatu za batiri zikoreshwa hamwe. Sisitemu ya kabiri ya sisitemu yubuzima ni ngufi kandi ikazenguruka inshuro nke (muri rusange inshuro 1 kugeza kuri 2) nyuma yo gukenera gusimburwa, ibyo bizongera ibiciro bya bateri ubwayo nibibazo by’umwanda wa kabiri (uko ubushyuhe buri imbere muri selire buzarekura ingufu nyinshi kandi bigatuma kugabanuka kwa batiri) ibishoboka; bitatu muri sisitemu imwe ya bateri ubuzima burebure kandi bwikubye inshuro nyinshi (kugeza ku bihumbi mirongo) nyuma yinyungu yikiguzi (ugereranije na bateri ya lithium ya ternary) (hamwe nimbaraga nyinshi). Ubuzima bwa serivisi ngufi hamwe ninzinguzingo nke hagati ya selile imwe bizagira igabanuka ryinshi ryingufu (ibi biterwa no kurwanya imbere kwimbere kwakagari kamwe) kugirango bizane imbere imbere ya bateri; igihe kirekire cya serivisi hamwe ninzinguzingo nyinshi hagati ya selile imwe bizatera imbere imbere ya bateri kandi bigabanye ubukana bwingufu (ibi biterwa numuzunguruko mugufi wa bateri) kugirango bigabanye kugabanuka kwingufu.
4. Ubushyuhe bwibidukikije buri hejuru cyane kandi buri hasi cyane, bizagira ingaruka no kubuzima bwa bateri.
Batteri ya Litiyumu-ion nta ngaruka igira ku mikorere ya ioni ya lithium mu bipimo by'ubushyuhe bukora, ariko iyo ubushyuhe bw’ibidukikije buri hejuru cyane cyangwa hasi cyane, ubwinshi bwumuriro hejuru ya ioni ya lithium buragabanuka. Mugihe ubwinshi bwumuriro bugabanutse bizaganisha kuri lithium ion muburyo bubi bwa electrode ya deembedding no gusohora. Igihe kinini cyo gusohora, birashoboka cyane ko bateri izarengerwa cyangwa ikarenza urugero. Kubwibyo, bateri igomba kuba ifite ububiko bwiza hamwe nuburyo bukwiye bwo kwishyuza. Muri rusange, ubushyuhe bwibidukikije bugomba kugenzurwa hagati ya 25 ℃ ~ 35 ℃ kutarenza 35 ℃; amashanyarazi yumuriro ntagomba kuba munsi ya 10 A / V; kutarenza amasaha 20; buri giciro kigomba gusohoka inshuro 5 ~ 10; ubushobozi busigaye ntibugomba kurenga 20% yubushobozi bwagenwe nyuma yo gukoreshwa; ntukabike mubushyuhe buri munsi ya 5 ℃ igihe kinini nyuma yo kwishyuza; igenamigambi rya batiri ntigomba kuba izunguruka cyangwa ngo itwikwe mugihe cyo kwishyuza no gusohora Ibikoresho bya batiri ntibigomba kuba bigufi cyangwa ngo bitwikwe mugihe cyo kwishyuza no gusohora.
5. Imikorere mibi ya selile ya batiri itera igihe cyo kubaho no gukoresha ingufu nke imbere ya selile.
Muguhitamo ibikoresho bya cathode, itandukaniro mumikorere yibikoresho bya cathode ritera igipimo gitandukanye cyo gukoresha ingufu za bateri. Muri rusange, igihe kirekire cyizunguruka ya bateri, niko ubushobozi bwikigereranyo cyingufu zibikoresho bya cathode hamwe nubushobozi bwingufu zingana na monomer, niko igipimo cyo gukoresha ingufu imbere muri bateri. Nyamara, hamwe nogutezimbere electrolyte, ibyongeweho byiyongera, nibindi, ubwinshi bwingufu ni nyinshi kandi ingufu za monomer ziri hasi, bizagira ingaruka kumikorere ya bateri ya cathode. Iyo hejuru yibigize nikel na cobalt mubintu bya cathode, niko bishoboka cyane gukora okiside nyinshi muri cathode; mugihe amahirwe yo gukora oxyde muri cathode ari nto. Bitewe nibi bintu, ibikoresho bya cathode bifite imbaraga zo kurwanya imbere no kwihuta kwinshi, nibindi.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ugushyingo-08-2022