Mu myaka yashize, kwiyongera kwamamare yimodoka nshya zingufu byafashe inganda zimodoka. Hamwe n’impungenge z’imihindagurikire y’ikirere no gushakira igisubizo kirambye cy’ibikorwa, ibihugu byinshi n’abaguzi bigenda byerekeza ku binyabiziga by’amashanyarazi. Mugihe iyi switch isezeranya ejo hazaza heza kandi hasukuye, nayo izana kumwanya wambere ikibazo cyo gutunganya no gukoresha ubateriizo mbaraga izo modoka. Kugirango ugere ku ntsinzi-ya ya batiri yo kongera gukoresha no gukoresha, birasabwa uburyo bushya hamwe nimbaraga zo gufatanya.
Amashanyarazini ngombwa kubera impamvu z’ibidukikije n’ubukungu. Bateri yimodoka yamashanyarazi igizwe nibikoresho byagaciro nka lithium, cobalt, na nikel. Mugukoresha batiyeri, dushobora kugarura umutungo wingenzi, kugabanya ibikenerwa gucukura amabuye y'agaciro, no kugabanya ingaruka zidukikije zo gukuramo ibyo bikoresho. Byongeye kandi, gutunganya bateri birashobora gufasha kugabanya ingaruka ziterwa n’imiti y’ubumara yinjira mu butaka cyangwa mu nzira y’amazi, ibyo bikaba bishobora kugira ingaruka mbi ku buzima bw’abantu no ku bidukikije.
Imwe mu mbogamizi zingenzi mugutunganya bateri ni ukubura uburyo busanzwe nibikorwa remezo.Kugeza ubu, nta sisitemu rusange ihari yo gukusanya neza no gutunganya bateri yimashanyarazi. Ibi birasaba iterambere ryibikoresho bikomeye byo gutunganya no gutunganya ibintu bishobora gukemura ubwiyongere bwa bateri zigera kumpera yubuzima bwabo. Guverinoma, abakora ibinyabiziga, hamwe n’amasosiyete atunganya ibicuruzwa bigomba gufatanya no gushora imari mu gushinga inganda zitunganya ibicuruzwa ndetse n’umuyoboro uhuza neza.
Usibye gusubiramo, guteza imbere gukoresha bateri ni ikindi kintu gishobora kugira uruhare mu gutsindira inyungu. Ndetse na nyuma yo gukoreshwa mumodoka yamashanyarazi, bateri akenshi igumana ubushobozi bugaragara. Izi bateri zirashobora kubona ubuzima bwa kabiri mubikorwa bitandukanye, nka sisitemu yo kubika ingufu kumazu no mubucuruzi. Nagukoresha bateri, turashobora kwagura ubuzima bwabo no kugwiza agaciro mbere yuko bikenera gukoreshwa. Ibi ntibigabanya gusa ibisabwa kubyara umusaruro mushya wa batiri ahubwo binateza imbere ubukungu burambye kandi buzenguruka.
Kugirango bateri ikoreshwe neza kandi ikoreshwe, guverinoma nabafata ibyemezo bafite uruhare runini. Bagomba gushyiraho no kubahiriza amabwiriza asaba kujugunywa neza no gutunganya ibinyabiziga byamashanyarazibateri. Inkunga y'amafaranga, nk'inguzanyo y'imisoro cyangwa kugabanyirizwa gutunganya no gukoresha bateri, birashobora gushishikariza abantu n'abashoramari kugira uruhare muri ibyo bikorwa. Byongeye kandi, guverinoma zigomba gushora imari mubushakashatsi niterambere mugutezimbere tekinoroji ya batiri, kuborohereza gutunganya no gukoresha ejo hazaza.
Ariko, kugera kubintu byunguka-gutunganya bateri no kongera gukoresha ntabwo ari inshingano za guverinoma nabafata ibyemezo. Abaguzi nabo bafite uruhare runini.Kumenyeshwa kandi ufite inshingano, abaguzi barashobora gufata ibyemezo bifatika mugihe cyo guta bateri zabo zishaje. Abafite ibinyabiziga byamashanyarazi bagomba gukoresha ingingo zashyizweho cyangwa gahunda yo gutunganya ibicuruzwa kugirango barebe neza. Byongeye kandi, barashobora gushakisha uburyo bwo kongera gukoresha bateri, nko kugurisha cyangwa gutanga bateri zabo zikoreshwa mumiryango ikeneye.
Mu gusoza, nkuko ibinyabiziga bishya byingufu bikomeje kwiyongera, akamaro ko gutunganya bateri no kuyikoresha ntigishobora kwirengagizwa. Kugirango ugere ku ntsinzi-ntsinzi, imbaraga zifatika zirakenewe. Guverinoma, abakora ibinyabiziga, amasosiyete atunganya ibicuruzwa, n’abaguzi bagomba gufatanya guteza imbere ibikorwa remezo bisanzwe byo gutunganya ibicuruzwa, guteza imbere ikoreshwa rya batiri, no kubahiriza amabwiriza. Gusa binyuze mubikorwa nkibi turashobora kwemeza ejo hazaza harambye aho inyungu zibinyabiziga byamashanyarazi byiyongera mugihe hagabanijwe ingaruka zibidukikije.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Nyakanga-12-2023