Kuva bateri ya lithium-ion yinjira ku isoko, yakoreshejwe cyane kubera ibyiza byayo nk'ubuzima burebure, ubushobozi bunini bwihariye kandi nta ngaruka zo kwibuka. Gukoresha ubushyuhe buke bwa bateri ya lithium-ion ifite ibibazo nkubushobozi buke, kwitabwaho gukomeye, imikorere mibi yikurikiranya, ubwihindurize bwa lithium, hamwe na lithium deintercalation itaringanijwe. Ariko, hamwe no kwaguka kwagutse kwagace gakoreshwa, ibibujijwe bizanwa nubushyuhe buke bwa bateri ya lithium-ion byagaragaye cyane.
Nk’uko raporo zibitangaza, ubushobozi bwo gusohora bateri ya lithium-ion kuri -20 ° C ni 31.5% gusa by’ubushyuhe bw’icyumba. Ubushyuhe bwo gukora bwa bateri gakondo ya lithium-ion iri hagati ya -20 na + 60 ° C. Nyamara, mubijyanye n’ikirere, inganda za gisirikare, n’imodoka zikoresha amashanyarazi, bateri zisabwa gukora bisanzwe kuri -40 ° C. Kubwibyo, kuzamura ubushyuhe buke bwa bateri ya lithium-ion ningirakamaro cyane.
Ibintu bigabanya ubushyuhe buke bwa bateri ya lithium-ion:
1. Mu bushyuhe buke, ubukonje bwa electrolyte bwiyongera, cyangwa ndetse bugakomera igice, bikaviramo kugabanuka kwimikorere ya bateri ya lithium-ion.
2. Guhuza hagati ya electrolyte, electrode mbi na diafragm biba bibi mubushyuhe buke.
3. Mugihe cyubushyuhe buke, lisiyumu-ion ya batiri ya electrode mbi iragwa cyane, kandi lithium yimvura yaguye ikorana na electrolyte, kandi ibicuruzwa byashyizwemo bituma umubyimba wimikorere ya electrolyte ikomeye (SEI) wiyongera.
4. Mugihe cy'ubushyuhe buke, sisitemu yo gukwirakwiza batiri ya lithium ion mubikoresho bikora iragabanuka, kandi kurwanya ihererekanyabubasha (Rct) byiyongera cyane.
Ikiganiro kubintu bigira ingaruka kumikorere yubushyuhe buke bwa bateri ya lithium-ion:
Igitekerezo cyinzobere 1: Electrolyte igira ingaruka zikomeye kumikorere yubushyuhe buke bwa bateri ya lithium-ion, kandi ibigize hamwe nimiterere yumubiri na chimique ya electrolyte bigira ingaruka zikomeye kumikorere yubushyuhe buke bwa bateri. Ibibazo byugarije uruziga rwa bateri ku bushyuhe buke ni: ubwiza bwa electrolyte buziyongera, kandi umuvuduko wo gutwara ion uzagabanuka, bikavamo kudahuza umuvuduko wo kwimuka kwa electroni yumuzunguruko wo hanze. Kubwibyo, bateri izaba ifite polarize cyane kandi ubushobozi bwo gusohora no gusohora bizagabanuka cyane. Cyane cyane iyo ushizemo ubushyuhe buke, ion ya lithium irashobora gukora byoroshye lithium dendrite hejuru ya electrode mbi, bigatuma bateri yananirwa.
Ubushyuhe buke bwa electrolyte bufitanye isano rya hafi na electrolyte ubwayo. Umuyoboro mwinshi wa electrolyte utwara ion byihuse, kandi irashobora gukoresha imbaraga nyinshi mubushyuhe buke. Uko umunyu wa lithium uri muri electrolyte utandukanijwe, niko umubare wimuka niko bigenda neza. Iyo amashanyarazi ari hejuru, niko umuvuduko wa ion wihuta, polarisiyasi ntoya, kandi niko imikorere ya bateri iba ifite ubushyuhe buke. Kubwibyo, amashanyarazi menshi ni ikintu gikenewe kugirango ugere ku bushyuhe buke bwo hasi bwa bateri ya lithium-ion.
Imikorere ya electrolyte ifitanye isano na electrolyte, kandi kugabanya ubukonje bwumuti ni bumwe muburyo bwo kunoza imikorere ya electrolyte. Amazi meza yumusemburo mubushyuhe buke ni garanti yo gutwara ion, kandi membrane ikomeye ya electrolyte yakozwe na electrolyte kuri electrode mbi ku bushyuhe buke nabwo ni urufunguzo rwo kugira ingaruka kuri lithium ion, kandi RSEI nimbogamizi nyamukuru ya lithium. bateri ya ion mubushyuhe buke.
Igitekerezo cyinzobere 2: Impamvu nyamukuru igabanya imikorere yubushyuhe buke bwa bateri ya lithium-ion ni ukwiyongera gukabije kwa Li + gukwirakwiza ubushyuhe buke, ntabwo ari firime ya SEI.
None, nigute ushobora gufata bateri ya lithium neza mugihe cy'itumba?
1. Ntukoreshe bateri ya lithium mubushyuhe buke
Ubushyuhe bugira ingaruka zikomeye kuri bateri ya lithium. Ubushyuhe buke, niko ibikorwa bya batiri ya lithium bigabanuka, biganisha ku kugabanuka gukabije kwamafaranga no gusohora neza. Muri rusange, ubushyuhe bwo gukora bwa bateri ya lithium iri hagati ya dogere -20 na dogere 60.
Iyo ubushyuhe buri munsi ya 0 ℃, witondere kutishyuza hanze, ntushobora kuyishyuza nubwo wayishyuza, dushobora gufata bateri kugirango yishyure mumazu (icyitonderwa, menya neza ko wirinda ibikoresho byaka umuriro !!! ), iyo ubushyuhe buri munsi ya -20 ℃, bateri izahita yinjira mubitotsi kandi ntishobora gukoreshwa mubisanzwe. Kubwibyo, amajyaruguru cyane cyane uyikoresha ahantu hakonje.
Niba mubyukuri nta miterere yo kwishyiriraho mu nzu, ugomba gukoresha neza ubushyuhe busigaye mugihe bateri isohotse, hanyuma ukayishyuza izuba ako kanya nyuma yo guhagarara kugirango wongere ubushobozi bwo kwishyuza kandi wirinde ubwihindurize bwa lithium.
2. Teza imbere ingeso yo gukoresha no kwishyuza
Mu gihe c'itumba, iyo ingufu za bateri ziri hasi cyane, tugomba kuyishyuza mugihe kandi tugatsimbataza ingeso nziza yo kwishyuza ikimara gukoreshwa. Wibuke, ntuzigere ugereranya ingufu za bateri mugihe cyimbeho ukurikije ubuzima busanzwe bwa bateri.
Ibikorwa bya batiri ya Litiyumu bigabanuka mu gihe cyitumba, biroroshye cyane gutera kurenza urugero no kwishyuza birenze urugero, bizagira ingaruka kumurimo wa bateri kandi bitera impanuka yaka mubihe bibi cyane. Kubwibyo, mu gihe cy'itumba, tugomba kurushaho kwita ku kwishyuza hamwe no gusohora kwinshi no kwishyurwa gake. By'umwihariko, hakwiye kwerekanwa ko bidahagarika ikinyabiziga igihe kinini muburyo bwo kwishyuza igihe cyose kugirango wirinde kwishyuza birenze.
3. Ntugume kure mugihe cyo kwishyuza, ibuka kutishyuza igihe kirekire
Ntugasige ikinyabiziga muburyo bwo kwishyuza igihe kirekire kugirango byorohe, gusa ubikuremo igihe byuzuye. Mu gihe cy'itumba, ibidukikije byo kwishyuza ntibigomba kuba munsi ya 0 ℃, kandi mugihe cyo kwishyuza, ntusige kure cyane kugirango wirinde ibyihutirwa kandi ubikemure mugihe gikwiye.
4. Koresha charger idasanzwe kuri bateri ya lithium mugihe urimo kwishyuza
Isoko ryuzuyemo umubare munini wumuriro muto. Gukoresha charger nkeya birashobora kwangiza bateri ndetse bigatera umuriro. Ntukifuze kugura ibicuruzwa bihendutse nta garanti, kandi ntukoreshe amashanyarazi ya aside-aside; niba charger yawe idashobora gukoreshwa mubisanzwe, hagarika kuyikoresha ako kanya, kandi ntucike intege.
5. Witondere ubuzima bwa bateri hanyuma uyisimbuze indi nshya mugihe
Batteri ya Litiyumu ifite igihe cyo kubaho. Ibisobanuro bitandukanye hamwe na moderi bifite ubuzima bwa bateri zitandukanye. Usibye gukoresha nabi burimunsi, igihe cya bateri iratandukanye kuva mumezi menshi kugeza kumyaka itatu. Niba imodoka ifite ingufu cyangwa ifite ubuzima bwa bateri budasanzwe, nyamuneka twandikire mugihe abakozi bashinzwe kubungabunga batiri ya Lithium babikemura.
6. Kureka amashanyarazi asagutse kugirango ubeho igihe cy'itumba
Kugirango ukoreshe ibinyabiziga bisanzwe mugihe cyumwaka utaha, niba bateri idakoreshejwe igihe kinini, ibuka kwishyuza 50% -80% ya bateri, hanyuma uyikure mumodoka kugirango ubike, kandi uyishyure buri gihe, nka rimwe mu kwezi. Icyitonderwa: Batare igomba kubikwa ahantu humye.
7. Shyira bateri neza
Ntukinjize bateri mumazi cyangwa ngo utume bateri itose; ntugashyire bateri kurenza ibice 7, cyangwa ngo uhindure bateri hejuru.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ukuboza-24-2021