Mubuzima bwubu, terefone zigendanwa ntizirenze ibikoresho byitumanaho gusa. Zikoreshwa mu kazi, mu mibereho cyangwa mu myidagaduro, kandi zigira uruhare runini. Muburyo bwo gukoresha terefone zigendanwa, igitera abantu guhangayika cyane ni mugihe terefone igendanwa igaragara yibutsa bateri nke.
Mu myaka yashize, ubushakashatsi bwerekanye ko 90% byabantu bagaragaje ubwoba nubwoba mugihe bateri ya terefone igendanwa itari munsi ya 20%. Nubwo abakora inganda zikomeye barimo gukora cyane kugirango bongere ubushobozi bwa bateri ya terefone igendanwa, kubera ko abantu bakoresha terefone zigendanwa cyane kandi kenshi mubuzima bwa buri munsi, abantu benshi bahinduka buhoro buhoro bava kumushahara umwe kumunsi bajya N inshuro kumunsi, ndetse nabantu benshi bazazana amabanki yingufu iyo ari kure, mugihe ayakeneye rimwe na rimwe.
Kubana nibintu byavuzwe haruguru, twokora iki kugirango twongere ubuzima bwa serivisi ya bateri ya terefone igendanwa bishoboka mugihe dukoresha terefone zigendanwa buri munsi?
1. Ihame ryakazi rya batiri ya lithium
Kugeza ubu, bateri nyinshi zikoreshwa muri terefone zigendanwa ku isoko ni bateri ya lithium-ion. Ugereranije na bateri gakondo nka nikel-icyuma cya hydride, zinc-manganese, hamwe nububiko bwa sisitemu, bateri ya lithium-ion ifite ibyiza byubushobozi bunini, ubunini buto, platform ya voltage ndende, hamwe nubuzima burebure. Nubusanzwe kubera izo nyungu terefone zigendanwa zishobora kugera ku buryo bworoshye kandi igihe kirekire cya bateri.
Litiyumu-ion ya batiri anode muri terefone zigendanwa ubusanzwe ikoresha ibikoresho bya LiCoO2, NCM, NCA; ibikoresho bya cathode muri terefone zigendanwa ahanini birimo grafite ya artite, grafite karemano, MCMB / SiO, nibindi. Mugihe cyo kwishyuza, lithium ikurwa muri electrode nziza muburyo bwa ioni ya lithium, hanyuma ikinjizwa muri electrode mbi binyuze mukugenda kwa electrolyte, mugihe inzira yo gusohora itandukanye gusa. Kubwibyo, inzira yo kwishyuza no gusohora ninzinguzingo yo guhora winjizamo / deintercalation hamwe no gushiramo / deintercalation ya ion ya lithium hagati ya electrode nziza kandi mbi, ibyo bita "kunyeganyega"
intebe y'intebe ”.
2. Impamvu zo kugabanuka mubuzima bwa bateri ya lithium-ion
Ubuzima bwa bateri ya terefone igendanwa iherutse kugurwa buracyari bwiza cyane mugitangira, ariko nyuma yigihe cyo kuyikoresha, bizagenda biba bike kandi biramba. Kurugero, nyuma ya terefone nshya igendanwa yuzuye, irashobora kumara amasaha 36 kugeza 48, ariko nyuma yigihe kirenze igice cyumwaka, bateri imwe yuzuye irashobora kumara amasaha 24 gusa cyangwa munsi yayo.
Niyihe mpamvu yo "kurokora ubuzima" ya bateri ya terefone igendanwa?
(1). Kurenza urugero no kurenza urugero
Batteri ya Litiyumu-ion yishingikiriza kuri lithium ion kugirango yimuke hagati ya electrode nziza kandi mbi kugirango ikore. Kubwibyo, umubare wa lithium ion electrode nziza kandi mbi ya bateri ya lithium-ion ishobora gufata ifitanye isano nubushobozi bwayo. Iyo bateri ya lithium-ion yishyuwe cyane kandi ikarekurwa, imiterere yibikoresho byiza nibibi bishobora kwangirika, kandi umwanya ushobora kwakira ioni ya lithium uba muke, kandi nubushobozi bwayo nabwo bukagabanuka, aribyo dukunze kwita kugabanya mubuzima bwa bateri. .
Ubuzima bwa Batteri busanzwe busuzumwa nubuzima bwikizunguruka, ni ukuvuga ko bateri ya lithium-ion irishye cyane kandi ikarekurwa, kandi ubushobozi bwayo burashobora kugumaho hejuru ya 80% yumubare wogusohora no gusohora.
Igipimo cy’igihugu GB / T18287 gisaba ko ubuzima bwizunguruka bwa bateri ya lithium-ion muri terefone zigendanwa butari munsi yincuro 300. Ibi bivuze ko bateri ya terefone igendanwa izagenda idakomeza kumara nyuma yo kwishyurwa no gusohoka inshuro 300? igisubizo ni kibi.
Ubwa mbere, mugupima ubuzima bwinzira, kwiyongera kwubushobozi bwa bateri ni inzira gahoro gahoro, ntabwo ari umusozi cyangwa intambwe;
Icya kabiri, bateri ya lithium-ion irashishwa cyane kandi irasohoka. Mugihe gikoreshwa buri munsi, sisitemu yo gucunga bateri ifite uburyo bwo kurinda bateri. Bizahita bizimya iyo byuzuye byuzuye, kandi bizahita bifunga mugihe ingufu zidahagije. Kugirango wirinde kwishyuza cyane no gusohora, kubwibyo, ubuzima nyabwo bwa bateri ya terefone igendanwa burenze inshuro 300.
Ariko, ntidushobora kwishingikiriza byimazeyo sisitemu nziza yo gucunga bateri. Kureka terefone igendanwa mumashanyarazi make cyangwa yuzuye mugihe kirekire birashobora kwangiza bateri no kugabanya ubushobozi bwayo. Kubwibyo, inzira nziza yo kwishyuza terefone igendanwa ni kwishyuza no gusohora bidakabije. Iyo terefone igendanwa idakoreshejwe igihe kinini, kugumana kimwe cya kabiri cyingufu zayo birashobora kongera ubuzima bwa serivisi.
(2). Kwishyuza mugihe gikonje cyane cyangwa ubushyuhe bwinshi
Batteri ya Litiyumu-ion nayo ifite ibisabwa hejuru yubushyuhe, kandi ubushyuhe busanzwe bwo gukora (kwishyuza) buri hagati ya 10 ° C na 45 ° C. Mugihe cyubushyuhe buke, electrolyte ionic itwara igabanuka, kurwanya ihererekanyabubasha byiyongera, kandi imikorere ya bateri ya lithium-ion izagenda yangirika. Ubunararibonye bwa intiti ni kugabanuka mubushobozi. Ariko ubu bwoko bwubushobozi bwangirika burahinduka. Ubushyuhe bumaze gusubira mubushyuhe bwicyumba, imikorere ya batiri ya lithium-ion izasubira mubisanzwe.
Ariko, niba bateri yashizwemo mugihe cy'ubushyuhe buke, polarisiyasi ya electrode mbi irashobora gutuma ubushobozi bwayo bugera kubushobozi bwo kugabanya ibyuma bya lithium, bizatuma habaho icyuma cya lithium hejuru ya electrode mbi. Ibi bizagabanya kugabanuka kwubushobozi bwa bateri. Kurundi ruhande, hari lithium. Amahirwe yo gukora dendrite arashobora gutera uruziga rugufi rwa bateri kandi bigatera akaga.
Kwishyuza bateri ya lithium-ion mugihe cy'ubushyuhe bwo hejuru nabyo bizahindura imiterere ya lithium-ion nziza na electrode mbi, bikaviramo kugabanuka bidasubirwaho ubushobozi bwa bateri. Noneho, gerageza wirinde kwishyuza terefone igendanwa mugihe gikonje cyane cyangwa ubushyuhe bwinshi, bushobora kongera ubuzima bwa serivisi.
3. Kubijyanye no kwishyuza, aya magambo arumvikana?
Q1. Kwishyuza ijoro ryose bizagira ingaruka mubuzima bwa bateri ya terefone igendanwa?
Kurenza urugero no kurenza urugero bizagira ingaruka kubuzima bwa bateri, ariko kwishyuza ijoro ryose ntibisobanura kwishyuza birenze. Ku ruhande rumwe, terefone igendanwa izahita ishira nyuma yo kwishyurwa byuzuye; kurundi ruhande, terefone nyinshi zigendanwa kuri ubu zikoresha uburyo bwihuse bwo kwishyuza bwa mbere bwo kwishyuza bateri kugeza ku bushobozi bwa 80%, hanyuma ugahindura uburyo bwo gutinda buhoro.
Q2. Ikirere kirashyushye cyane, kandi terefone igendanwa izagira ubushyuhe bwinshi mugihe yishyuye. Ibi nibisanzwe, cyangwa bivuze ko hari ikibazo cya bateri ya terefone igendanwa?
Kwishyuza bateri biherekejwe nibikorwa bigoye nka reaction ya chimique no kohereza amafaranga. Izi nzira zikunze guherekezwa no kubyara ubushyuhe. Kubwibyo, nibisanzwe ko terefone igendanwa itanga ubushyuhe mugihe cyo kwishyuza. Ubushyuhe bwo hejuru hamwe nibintu bishyushye bya terefone zigendanwa biterwa ahanini no kugabanuka kwubushyuhe nizindi mpamvu, aho kuba ikibazo cya bateri ubwayo. Kuraho igifuniko kirinda mugihe cyo kwishyuza kugirango terefone igendanwa igabanye neza ubushyuhe kandi yongere ubuzima bwa serivisi ya terefone igendanwa. .
Q3. Ubuzima bwa bateri ya terefone igendanwa buzagira ingaruka kuri banki yingufu na charger yimodoka yishyuza terefone igendanwa?
Oya, uko waba ukoresha banki yingufu cyangwa charger yimodoka, mugihe ukoresheje igikoresho cyo kwishyuza cyujuje ubuziranenge bwigihugu kugirango wishyure terefone, ntabwo bizagira ingaruka kumibereho ya bateri ya terefone.
Q4. Shira umugozi wumuriro muri mudasobwa kugirango wishyure terefone igendanwa. Ese uburyo bwo kwishyuza burasa nucomeka wacometse wacometse mumashanyarazi uhuza umugozi wamashanyarazi kugirango wishyure terefone igendanwa?
Yaba yishyurwa na banki yingufu, charger yimodoka, mudasobwa cyangwa icomekwa mumashanyarazi, igipimo cyo kwishyuza kijyanye gusa nimbaraga zo kwishyurwa zishyigikiwe na charger na terefone igendanwa.
Q5. Terefone igendanwa irashobora gukoreshwa mugihe cyo kwishyuza? Niki cyateye urubanza rwabanje rwa "Urupfu rw'amashanyarazi mugihe uhamagaye mugihe uri kwishyuza"?
Terefone igendanwa irashobora gukoreshwa mugihe yishyuwe. Iyo wishyuye terefone igendanwa, charger ihindura ingufu za 220V zifite ingufu nyinshi za AC binyuze muri transformateur ikabamo ingufu nkeya (nka 5V isanzwe) DC kugirango ikoreshe bateri. Gusa igice gito cya voltage gihujwe na terefone igendanwa. Muri rusange, imbaraga z'umutekano z'umubiri w'umuntu ni 36V. Nukuvuga ko, mugihe cyo kwishyuza bisanzwe, niyo dosiye ya terefone yamenetse, ingufu nke zisohoka ntizitera kwangiza umubiri wumuntu.
Kubijyanye namakuru ajyanye na enterineti yerekeye "guhamagara no gukorerwa amashanyarazi mugihe cyo kwishyuza", urashobora gusanga ibirimo byongeye gucapwa. Inkomoko yumwimerere yamakuru aragoye kuyagenzura, kandi nta raporo yatanzwe ninzego zose nka polisi, biragoye rero kumenya ukuri kwamakuru ajyanye. igitsina. Icyakora, kubijyanye no gukoresha ibikoresho byujuje ibyangombwa byujuje ibyangombwa byujuje ubuziranenge bwigihugu kugirango bishyure terefone zigendanwa, "terefone yashizwemo amashanyarazi mugihe yishyuza" iteye ubwoba, ariko kandi iributsa imbaga yabaturage gukoresha inganda zemewe mugihe bishyuza terefone zigendanwa. Amashanyarazi yujuje ubuziranenge bwigihugu.
Byongeye kandi, ntugasenye bateri wenyine mugihe cyo gukoresha terefone igendanwa. Iyo bateri idasanzwe nko guturika, hagarika kuyikoresha mugihe hanyuma uyisimbuze nuwakoze terefone igendanwa kugirango wirinde impanuka zumutekano ziterwa no gukoresha nabi bateri bishoboka.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ukuboza-24-2021