Imodokaamashanyarazi ya litirobahinduye uburyo dutekereza kubyerekeye ubwikorezi. Barushijeho gukundwa cyane kubera ingufu nyinshi, igihe kirekire, hamwe nubushobozi bwo kwishyuza byihuse. Ariko, kimwe n'ikoranabuhanga iryo ariryo ryose, baza bafite imikorere yabo nibibazo byumutekano.
Imikorere yimodokaamashanyarazi ya litironi ingenzi kubikorwa byayo no kuramba. Kimwe mubibazo nyamukuru hamwe na bateri ya lithium-power ni ubushobozi bwabo bwo kwangirika mugihe. Nkuko bateri yashizwemo kandi igasohoka inshuro nyinshi, ibikoresho bikora imbere bigenda byangirika buhoro buhoro, bigatuma igabanuka ryubushobozi bwa bateri muri rusange. Kugira ngo iki kibazo gikemuke, abahinguzi bakomeje gukora ibishoboka byose ngo bateze imbere ibikoresho bya electrode ya batiri na electrolyte, bigira ingaruka ku mikorere ya bateri.
Ikindi kibazo cyimikorere kivuka hamweamashanyarazi ya litironi phenomenon yo guhunga ubushyuhe. Ibi bibaho mugihe bateri ifite ubwiyongere butagabanijwe bwubushyuhe, biganisha ku kwiyongera kwonyine kubyara ubushyuhe. Guhunga ubushyuhe birashobora gukururwa nimpamvu zitandukanye, nko kwishyuza cyane, gusohora cyane, kurenza ubushyuhe, cyangwa kwangirika kwumubiri kuri bateri. Amashanyarazi amaze gutangira, arashobora gukurura kunanirwa gukabije, bigatera umuriro cyangwa guturika.
Kugabanya ingaruka z'umutekano zijyanye na bateri ya lithium, ingamba nyinshi zashyizwe mubikorwa. Sisitemu yo gucunga bateri (BMS) igira uruhare runini mugukurikirana no kugenzura ubushyuhe bwa bateri, voltage, nurwego rwubu. Niba ibipimo birenze urwego rwumutekano, BMS irashobora gufata ingamba zo gukumira, nko kuzimya bateri cyangwa gukora sisitemu yo gukonjesha. Byongeye kandi, abayikora bagiye bashyira mubikorwa ibintu bitandukanye byumutekano, harimo ibyuma bya batiri-flame-retardant hamwe nibikoresho bya elegitoroniki bigezweho, kugirango bagabanye ingaruka zo guhunga umuriro.
Byongeye kandi, ubushakashatsi burimo gukorwa kugirango hategurwe ibikoresho bishya nibishushanyo byongera umutekano wa bateri ya lithium. Inzira imwe itanga icyizere ni ugukoresha ingufu za electrolytite zikomeye, zifite ubushyuhe buhanitse ugereranije na electrolytite gakondo. Batteri ikomeye-ntago igabanya gusa ibyago byo guhunga ubushyuhe ahubwo inatanga ingufu nyinshi, kuramba, no kwihuta kwishyurwa. Nyamara, ubucuruzi bwabo bwagutse buracyakorwa kubera ibibazo byinganda no gutekereza kubiciro.
Amabwiriza ngenderwaho nabyo ni ingenzi mu kurinda umutekano n’imikorere ya bateri yumuriro wa lithium. Inzego mpuzamahanga nka komisiyo mpuzamahanga y’ikoranabuhanga (IEC) n’umuryango w’abibumbye zashyizeho umurongo ngenderwaho mu gupima no gutwara za batiri za lithium. Ababikora bagomba kubahiriza aya mabwiriza kugirango barebe ko ayabobaterikuzuza ibisabwa bikenewe byumutekano.
Mugusoza, mugihe bateri yimodoka ya lithium itanga inyungu nyinshi, imikorere nibibazo byumutekano ntibigomba kwirengagizwa. Gukomeza ubushakashatsi niterambere ni ngombwa mugutezimbere imikorere ya bateri, kugabanya ingaruka ziterwa nubushyuhe bwumuriro, no kuzamura umutekano muri rusange. Mugushira mubikorwa sisitemu yo gucunga neza bateri, gukoresha ibikoresho bishya, no kubahiriza amabwiriza akomeye, inganda zitwara ibinyabiziga zirashobora gukomeza gukoresha ingufu za bateri ya lithium, bigatuma uburambe bwogutwara neza kandi neza kubakoresha.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Kanama-11-2023